James Lilburn (1614-1657) was an English radical political activist and Leveller during the English Civil War. He was an advocate of democracy, religious toleration, and social justice, and opposed monarchy and aristocracy. Lilburn was known for his fiery speeches and writings, which were often critical of the ruling parliamentarians and the Cromwellian regime. He was imprisoned several times for his political activities, and was even sentenced to death, but his sentence was commuted. Lilburn was also a participant in the Putney Debates, where he argued for universal suffrage and the rights of the common people. He died in 1657, reportedly from the effects of his prolonged imprisonment and mistreatment. Lilburn is remembered today as a champion of democratic and egalitarian ideals, and as an important figure in the history of English radicalism.
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